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The responsibility for conducting soil tests primarily falls to the engineer, particularly a geotechnical engineer. Soil testing is essential for understanding the properties of the ground at a construction site, which directly informs decisions about foundation design, site stability, and potential issues related to soil compaction or groundwater levels. Engineers utilize specialized expertise and equipment to assess soil conditions, interpret test results, and make recommendations that impact the safety and success of the overall project.

While other roles, such as the construction manager and architect, are crucial in the project development process, they typically rely on the engineer's findings. The owner may initiate the process of soil testing, but the technical execution and analysis are best conducted by trained engineers who understand the complexities of soil behavior and its implications for construction. Thus, engineers are best positioned to ensure that comprehensive and accurate soil tests are performed.